Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 48
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 52
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 53
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 56
Warning: Use of undefined constant update_at - assumed 'update_at' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 57
Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 89
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 89
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 90
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant layout - assumed 'layout' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 121
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 121
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 124
Warning: Use of undefined constant description - assumed 'description' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 125
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 126
Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 48
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 52
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 53
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 56
Warning: Use of undefined constant update_at - assumed 'update_at' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 57
Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 89
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 89
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 90
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant layout - assumed 'layout' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 121
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 121
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 124
Warning: Use of undefined constant description - assumed 'description' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 125
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 126
Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 48
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 52
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 53
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 56
Warning: Use of undefined constant update_at - assumed 'update_at' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 57
Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 89
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 89
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 90
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant layout - assumed 'layout' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 121
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 121
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 124
Warning: Use of undefined constant description - assumed 'description' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 125
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 126
Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 48
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 52
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 53
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 56
Warning: Use of undefined constant update_at - assumed 'update_at' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 57
Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 89
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 89
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 90
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant layout - assumed 'layout' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 121
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 121
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 124
Warning: Use of undefined constant description - assumed 'description' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 125
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 126
Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 48
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 52
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 53
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 56
Warning: Use of undefined constant update_at - assumed 'update_at' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 57
Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 89
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 89
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 90
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant layout - assumed 'layout' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 121
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 121
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 124
Warning: Use of undefined constant description - assumed 'description' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 125
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 126
Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 48
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 52
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 53
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 56
Warning: Use of undefined constant update_at - assumed 'update_at' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 57
Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 89
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 89
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 90
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant layout - assumed 'layout' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 121
Warning: Use of undefined constant target - assumed 'target' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 121
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 124
Warning: Use of undefined constant description - assumed 'description' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 125
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 126
Warning: Use of undefined constant host - assumed 'host' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant url - assumed 'url' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant link - assumed 'link' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/webline001/rebon.me/public_html/wp/wp-content/plugins/sa-link-designer/sa-link-designer.class.php on line 48
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加齢とともに気になる肌の黄ぐすみ。
最近ではその原因は大きく分けて「糖化」と「カルボニル化」であるということが研究によって明らかになりつつあります。
そこで今回は「カルボニル化」とはどんな現象か、糖化との違いや原因、予防＆改善方法をご紹介します。
肌を黄ばませる？！「カルボニル化」とは
カルボニル化というのは、化粧品メーカーの資生堂が発見した肌の黄ぐすみのメカニズムです。
肌の色は年齢を経るにしたがって、本来の薄い赤みのある状態から黄色みが強くなる傾向があります。
顔色が不健康に見え、つやが失われ、透明感がなくなってくるのです。
特に肌が黄色くくすむ現象については、メラニンや血行の影響のほか、そもそも肌自体が黄色くなるという現象が起こっています。
肌が黄色くなるのは、体内のたんぱく質が糖や脂質と結びつくことによってできる物質により黄色く変色してしまう現象、つまり「糖化」と考えられていましたが、同時に「カルボニル化」という現象も起こっているということが、新たに判明したのです。
「カルボニル化」は、肌のたんぱく質と脂質の分解物の結合によっておこります。
肌が紫外線に当たると皮脂が酸化して過酸化脂質を作り出してしまうことで、アルデヒドという分解物質が発生。
このアルデヒドが肌に含まれるコラーゲンやエラスチンなどのたんぱく質と結合することで、カルボニル化タンパク質、ALEs（Advanced Lipoxidation Endproducts = 終末脂質過酸化産物）が発生し、肌が黄色くなってしまうのです。
カルボニル化は肌の水分を保持してくれるコラーゲンやエラスチンを編成させてしまうので、カルボニル化が生じている肌の角質層では、水分を保持することが難しくなって乾燥しがちになります。
乾燥した肌はダメージを受けやすくなるため肌荒れを起こしやすくもなり、紫外線の影響も受けやすくなることで、シミの原因に。
肌の弾力を保つことが難しくなってシワも増えてくるという負の連鎖が……
さらにやっかいなことに、「カルボニル化」によって黄色くくすんだお肌は、糖化によるものよりも黄色が濃いことがわかっています。
つまり、あなたの肌の黄ぐすみが「最近濃いな……」と感じられるようだったら、お肌が糖化に加えてカルボニル化現象を起こしているかもしれないのです。
「カルボニル化」と「糖化」との違い
お肌の黄ぐすみの原因となる「カルボニル化」と「糖化」。
結果として肌が「黄色くくすむ」という現象を引き起こしますが、その度合いがカルボニル化の方が濃いということがわかりました。
「カルボニル化」と「糖化」ともに肌のたんぱく質が糖や脂質と結びついてできるアルデヒドがお肌を黄色くくすませてしまうのですが、このくすみの元となる物質がそれぞれ異なります。
■カルボニル化の場合
→ALEs（Advanced Lipoxidation Endproducts = 終末脂質過酸化産物
→ALEs（Advanced Lipoxidation Endproducts = 終末脂質過酸化産物
■糖化の場合
→AGEs―（Advanced Glycation End Product＝終末糖化産物
名前の通り「糖化」は糖分によって起こります。
メカニズムとしては、たんぱく質と余分な糖分が結びついてAGEsが発生し、肌を焦げ付かせて黄色くさせる現象が糖化です。
これに対して、肌に当たった紫外線ダメージにより生じるのがカルボニル化です。
カルボニル化も糖化も、その原因物質であるALEs・AGEsは表皮層と真皮層両方のコラーゲンやエラスチンと結びついてに影響を与え、黄ぐすみだけでなく、お肌のさまざまな老化現象の原因ともなることがわかっています。
カルボニル化の改善＆予防方法
残念ながら、すでに肌がカルボニル化してしまったものについては、明確な改善方法は現在のところ解明されていません。
しかし、予防方法についてはいくつかヒントがあります。
①紫外線対策
カルボニル化の大きな原因は紫外線です。
UVカットを徹底するというのが大前提。
日焼け止めを塗り忘れないようにし、日傘・帽子・サングラスの活用などで紫外線を浴びないように心がけて下さい。
②食生活の見直し
カルボニル化は「酸化」も原因の1つ。
つまり、酸化を食い止める作用が高い「抗酸化作用」が高い食品を積極的に摂るようにしましょう。
特に紫外線が強い南方で育つ野菜やフルーツは、栄養素が高いことに加え、自らを紫外線から守るために作り出す「フィトケミカル」によって抗酸化作用が高い傾向があります。
バナナやアボカド、トマトやブロッコリーなどがよく知られています。
食べ物で言えば、カルボニル化は脂質の分解物質が影響するので、普段から油分の多い食事を摂っている方は要注意。
油分を控えめにしてください。
さらに糖化も余分な糖分によって起こりますので、糖分の多い食事をしている方も食事を見直してくださいね。
揚げ物やケーキなどはほどほどにしましょう。
③生活習慣の見直し
加齢によって起こりやすい「黄くすみ」ですが、私たちは歳を取るにしたがって動くことがおっくうになりがち。
ハードな運動をする必要はありませんが、普段から体をマメに動かすことが大事なのです。
運動不足ではいくらちゃんとした栄養を取っても血行不良で栄養が行き渡りません。
また、睡眠はちゃんととれていますでしょうか？
夜ふかしをやめて最低でも6時間は寝るように心がけて下さい。
肌のエラスチンやコラーゲンは、一度変性してしまうとなかなか入れ替わりが難しく、真皮層までの影響を考えると3～5年程度のスパンが必要です。
お肌を作るのは食べ物と生活習慣。
実はそれが何よりのエイジングケアです。
既にカルボニル化してしまった肌については、コラーゲンやエラスチンを増やすような美容成分が含まれた化粧品を使用し、保湿をメインとして肌老化を食い止めつつ、ターンオーバーを促していきましょう。
まとめ～美肌のために今日からカルボニル化対策を～
紫外線や生活習慣によって生じる肌の酸化現象「カルボニル化」。
多くの方が悩んでいる黄ぐすみは、カルボニル化が原因かもしれません。
肌の酸化は年齢によっては避けられない一面もありますが、日々の努力とエイジングケアで予防と肌の再生をうながしていきましょう。
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